A yau, masana'antar kera motoci na ci gaba da bunƙasa ƙarƙashin jagorancin fasahohi daban-daban.Tare da babban ci gaba a cikin tsarin taimakon direba na ci gaba (ADAS), tsarin bayanan bayanai, da fasahar tuƙi mai cin gashin kai, buƙatar bandwidth a cikin motocin zamani kuma yana ƙaruwa.Ƙarfi masu canzawa koyaushe da fasaha masu tasowa suna haifar da buƙatun bayanai masu yawa, kuma yana da mahimmanci a aiwatar da bayanai ta sabbin hanyoyi.A da, buƙatun aikace-aikacen motoci na gargajiya sun iyakance ga tsarin sarrafa chassis ko tsarin sarrafa jiki, yana buƙatar ƙarfin watsa bayanai na dubban bits a sakan daya (kbps).A yau, motoci masu wayo suna sanye take da ɗimbin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, tsarin infotainment na ƙarshe, da tsarin sarrafa kewayawa bisa ga bayanan wucin gadi (AI) da koyon injin (ML), da LIDAR da yawa, RADAR, da na'urorin kamara suna samar da terabytes na bayanai. , yana haifar da karuwa mai yawa a cikin rikitarwa.Don haka, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da Ethernet na kera motoci don haɗin kai mai sauri, abin dogaro, da ƙarancin ƙarancin latency.
Bukatun fasaha don igiyoyin Ethernet na mota (ba tare da masu haɗawa ba).
Ƙididdigar OPEN Alliance (TC2 100Mbps, TC9 1000Mbps) suna bayyana a sarari buƙatun kebul na Ethernet na kera ba tare da masu haɗawa ba.Ƙungiyoyin OPEN Alliance sun ayyana mahimman buƙatun don igiyoyin da ake buƙata - ma'aunin aikin da ya dace (daraja dangane da ƙimar manufa daban-daban):
Impedance Z —> 100Ohm na ƙima don nau'ikan juriya daban-daban
Asarar shigar IL-mai santsi mai santsi> matakan ƙima daban-daban-ya dogara da mita
Mayar da asarar RL -> buƙatun ƙima dangane da mita
Daidaita aikin LCL1 da LCTL2-> ƙididdiga da ƙirar kebul ya dogara da buƙatun mitoci daban-daban.
Ƙaddamar da haɗin kai-> ya shafi kebul masu kariya kawai
Tasirin Garkuwa—> ya shafi kebul masu kariya kawai
Kamfanin kebul na USB na Automotive, LEONI China
A halin yanzu LEONI jagora ne a cikin masana'antar kebul na kebul na kebul, yawancin ma'aunin kebul na yanzu sun dogara ne akan ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, ya daɗe ya shiga OPEN, IEEE3 da SAE4 da sauran ƙungiyoyin ƙawance, kuma ya haɗa kai da membobin ƙungiyar don haɓaka 100Mbit / s 1Gbit/s kebul na Ethernet na kera motoci.LEONI Dacar ne LEONI ta mota data na USB iri, wanda yafi hada da coaxial da Multi-core data igiyoyi, LEONI automotive Ethernet na USB saboda ta data halaye bukatun suna kuma kunshe a cikin Dacar jerin, LEONI Dacar jerin ƙunshi daban-daban data aikace-aikace a cikin mota, a yanzu LEONI Dacar 100 Gigabit da Gigabit Ethernet kayayyakin an sanye su kuma an yi amfani da su sosai a yawancin samfuran Jamusanci, Amurkawa, samfuran masu zaman kansu da sauran OEMs.LEONI bai tsaya nan ba, Lenny ya himmatu wajen wuce wannan ma'auni.Kebul na Dacar Ethernet na LEONI yana bayyana halayen watsawa kamar buƙatun asarar canjin yanayi don igiyoyi marasa garkuwa.Tsarin kebul ɗin da aka yi da sheashed yana tabbatar da cewa an shigar da kayan doki tare da ƙarancin illa a ƙarƙashin yanayi kamar tsufa, ƙazanta da zafi.Don shigarwar EMC mai hankali, LEONI yana ba da amfani da igiyoyin LEONI Dacar Ethernet masu kariya.An riga an samar da waɗannan igiyoyi da yawa kuma an yi amfani da su a cikin tsarin kamara.
Kasuwar EthernetKasuwa ta gaba
Saboda Ethernet an ƙirƙira shi da wuri, ba a yi la'akari da watsa bayanan ainihin lokaci ba.Tare da yawancin nishaɗin sauti da bidiyo da ke shiga cikin jirgin ruwa, adadin ECUs da buƙatun ikon ƙididdigewa na ECUs sun nuna haɓakar fashewar abubuwa, wanda ya fi fitowa fili a zamanin ADAS da lokacin mara direba mai zuwa, da buƙatun ƙididdige bandwidth. shi ma ya fara fashewa.Wannan ya haifar da karuwa mai yawa na farashin kayan lantarki na motoci, a gefe guda, karuwa da yawa da kuma ingancin tsarin ECU, saboda rarrabawar kwamfuta, yawancin kayan aikin kwamfuta sun ɓace, kuma muna magana ne game da abin hawa. Ethernet ta yin amfani da igiyoyi guda ɗaya na igiyoyi marasa kariya da ƙarami kuma mafi ƙanƙanta masu haɗawa, ta yin amfani da nau'i-nau'i marasa kariya na iya tallafawa nisa watsawa na 15m (don nau'i-nau'i masu kariya na iya tallafawa 40m), wannan haɓakawa na ingantawa yana sa Ethernet na mota zai iya biyan bukatun EMC na abin hawa.Rage farashin haɗin cikin mota har zuwa 80% da nauyin wayoyi a cikin mota har zuwa 30%, PHY na 100M Automotive Ethernet yana ɗaukar fasahar 1G Ethernet don ba da damar sadarwa ta hanyoyi biyu akan guda biyu ta amfani da sokewar amsawa.An tsara PoE na al'ada don Ethernet tare da nau'i-nau'i 4 na igiyoyi, don haka PoDL an ƙera shi musamman don Ethernet na mota don samar da wutar lantarki na 12VDC ko 5VDC don aiki na yau da kullum na ECU na na'ura mai sarrafa lantarki akan guda biyu na igiyoyi.Tabbas, buƙatar bandwidth shima wani abu ne, kuma na'urori daban-daban, musamman na lidar da kyamarori masu ƙarfi, dole ne su watsa bayanai ta amfani da Ethernet.
Automotive Ethernet fasaha ce ta tsara-zuwa-tsara wacce kowane kumburin lantarki ke haɗa shi a jere.Ana tura maɓalli a cikin tsarin da ke taimakawa kafa sadarwa tsakanin ECU da yawa da kuma hanyar zirga-zirga zuwa wasu raka'a daban-daban a cikin hanyar sadarwa.IEEE yana daidaita fasahar ta hanyar 100BASE-T1 da 1000BASE-T1 automotive-proprietary Ethernet standards.Muhimmiyar fa'ida ta Ethernet na kera motoci shine cewa ya fi sauran ka'idoji tsada-tsari.Ƙungiyoyin da suka gabata irin su CAN kawai suna ba da kayan aiki na 10Mb/s, yayin da Ethernet na mota zai iya samar da ƙimar sadarwar asali na 100Mb/s daga farko.Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin haɗin kebul na gargajiya, Ethernet mota yana amfani da igiyoyi masu nauyi da inganci don adana sarari, rage farashi, da rage sarƙaƙƙiya.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-17-2023